Journal of Engineering in Industrial Research

Abstract In the fierce competition in the Industrial world, meeting customer needs to maintain loyalty and trust is a major concern. In this case, the order received at Job 23xxx was in the form of UNP bending which is a new model and has never been produced. The existing machine does not meet the needs of completing this job; therefore, the initial plan was chosen to use the welded plate. The welded plate is a waste of time and material. Thus, there must be a machine modification for UNP bending. Machine modification is done by adding a stopper (JIG) so that the roll plate machine can turn into a UNP roll machine. Quality and speed of completion time are the main goals so that customers continue to entrust work to our company. PDCA method with fishbone diagram and why analysis is applied in solving this problem. The present study was conducted by comparing the number of process sequences, process time, and material requirements. Welded plate requires 5 process sequences while UNP material only requires 3 process sequences. Completion of work using welded plate requires 4.874 hours while UNP material only requires 0.807 hours for 1 set of products. This means that the process with UNP material only takes 16.65% of the welded plate process. This makes work completion faster. The cost of welded plate material is Rp. 1,335,956 while UNP material is Rp. 950,756, meaning the cost of UNP material is 71% compared to welded plate material. Saving material costs Rp. 385,200 or 29% per 1 set.

Abstract A stability-indicating RP-UPLC method was developed for the quantitative analysis of atorvastatin calcium (ATV) and teneligliptin hydrobromide hydrate (TEN) in the presence of degradants. The separation was achieved using an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column with a mobile phase composed of Methanol, Ammonium Acetate Buffer, and Acetonitrile (60:35:5, pH 6.5, adjusted with OPA). The method was optimized with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, an injection volume of 2 µL, and UV detection at 245 nm. The retention times (RT) were 2.2 min for ATV and 0.9 min for TEN. The calibration ranges were 10–30 μg/mL for ATV and 5-15 μg/mL for TEN, with correlation coefficients of 0.9999 and 0.9998, respectively. The method demonstrated accuracy ranging from 99.70-100.07% for ATV and 99.60-100.40% for TEN. The limits of detection (LOD) were 1.8543 μg/mL for ATV and 0.6228 μg/mL for TEN, while the limits of quantification (LOQ) were 1.0319 μg/mL for ATV and 3.1271 μg/mL for TEN. The results confirm that the developed method is robust and suitable for the analysis of a synthetic mixture in the presence of generated degradants.

Abstract The use of the best operating parameters is needed to produce better quality of plastic products. Since the quality of products is mostly influenced by process condition, determining the optimum process condition with a few experiments is a key task. Melting temperature, injection pressure and cooling time with three levels each were selected which directly affect the dimensional shrinkages in injection molding process of beverage crate product. Shrinkage is chosen as a response variable since it is cause of many defects. Taguchi method was selected for the optimization of these parameters. The objective of this research is to reduce the shrinkage of a crate. Nine types of crates were produced using Taguchi design of experiment (L⁹) approach. Minitab statistical software package were used to analyze experimental results. The shrinkage defects are the “smaller the better S/N ratio” type of quality characteristics. Significant parameters were identified through ANOVA at 95% confidence level. Optimal values for melting temperature, injection pressure and cooling time were found 290 C, 130 MPa, and 60 seconds, respectively. From analysis of variance, melting temperature was the most significant factor (14.7 %), cooling time was the second (11.5 %) and injection pressure was the least significant (9 %). The predicted optimum response variable (shrinkage) was found as 6.30 mm and the conformation experimental test gave 6.11mm. The margin error of 3% supported the acceptance of the confirmation test result of 6.11 mm. The shrinkage is reduced from 6.81 mm to 6.11 mm which is a 10.3% reduction. The identification of the influence of parameters is believed as a key factor in assisting injection molding process designers in determining optimum process conditions. Therefore, the implication of this research is that robust optimization approach withstands the injection molding process variations in a more realistic way.

Abstract A membrane bioreactor is actually an advanced system of conventional activated sludge system. The development of MBR systems has solved some of the problems of conventional activated sludge systems that usually exist in the secondary sedimentation unit and during the sludge separation from wastewater. In the secondary sedimentation pond of the conventional activated sludge system, gravity is used to settle the sludge. To set up the pilot membrane bioreactor and easy access to the effluent, the pilot was placed near the methanol to propylene conversion unit located in the center of the special area of ​​Petrochemical Research and Technology Company, and the effluent from tower number 351 of the unit was fed into the unit using a flexible pipe. The pilot feed tank is transferred. The effluent of Tower No. 351 used in this study has a COD of about 20,000, a TDS of about 2,500 ppm, and a turbidity of about 110 NTU, which significantly decreased after membrane treatment. It shows that its majority consists of methanol and a small amount of compounds such as dimethyl ether, acetylene, and methyl ethyl ketone were also observed.

Abstract This study aims to analyze pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions from various sectors, focusing on changes from 1996 to 2017. It emphasizes carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen oxides (NO_x), and suspended particulate matter (SPM), and assesses emission reduction strategies. Air pollution data in Iran from 1996 to 2017 were collected, which included various pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions. The data distribution was examined using a test, and it was found that methane (CH₄) production rates were not normally distributed in certain sectors. To compare greenhouse gas production across sectors, SPSS was utilized. CO₂ emissions rose significantly from 1996 to 2017, increasing from 72,261,611 tons to 139,254,025 tons, mainly due to increased fossil fuel use for heating and cooking. While NO_x and SPM emissions also increased, their rises were less pronounced. Technological advances, such as catalytic converters, helped reduce these pollutants. CH₄ emissions dropped sharply after 2007 due to focused efforts. Stricter emission standards and promotion of renewable energy are needed, along with ongoing research and monitoring. The analysis shows that air pollution is complex and linked to different sectors and economic activities. While progress has been made in reducing some pollutants, CO₂ still needs urgent action. The study supports using renewable energy, stricter emission standards, and specific policies for agricultural emissions. Continuous monitoring and research are vital for assessing these strategies and achieving climate goals. The findings highlight the need for thorough emission reduction efforts to protect the environment and public health.