h-index: 18     i10-index: 25

Green Technology for Sustainable Energy and Development: Applications in Bioenergy, Agro‑Waste, and Eco‑Friendly Materials

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Department of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh.

2 Advanced Functional Materials, Technical University of Chemnitz, Germany.

Abstract
In light of growing global challenges like climate change, population growth, environmental pollution, and inefficient use and depletion of natural resources, it is essential for countries to adopt technologies and approaches that promote environmentally responsible economic activity. These measures aim to reduce environmental harm and preserve natural resources for future generations. Sustainable development, which prioritizes minimal environmental damage, relies on comprehensive and all-encompassing policies. These policies, both international and national, recognize the long-term needs of humanity and emphasize balancing economic growth with ecological preservation. A key component of these policies is the employment of green technologies, which are designed to minimize environmental impact. Countries that adopt green technologies are better positioned to mitigate the effects of climate change, reduce pollution, and ensure the sustainability of resources, which is crucial for the well-being of future generations. Through policy support, investment in innovation, and collaboration at the global level, green technologies can facilitate the transition to more sustainable economic models.

Graphical Abstract

Green Technology for Sustainable Energy and Development: Applications in Bioenergy, Agro‑Waste, and Eco‑Friendly Materials

Highlights

OPEN ACCESS

©2026 The author(s). This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Keywords

Subjects


[1] Huda, A., Mekhilef, S., Ahsan, A. Biomass energy in Bangladesh: Current status and prospects. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2014, 30(504-517.
[2] Guo, M., Nowakowska-Grunt, J., Gorbanyov, V., Egorova, M. Green technology and sustainable development: Assessment and green growth frameworks. Sustainability, 2020, 12(16), 6571.
[3] Ali, N., Riead, M.M.H., Bilal, M., Yang, Y., Khan, A., Ali, F., Sher, F. Adsorptive remediation of environmental pollutants using magnetic hybrid materials as platform adsorbents. Chemosphere, 2021, 284(131279.
[4] Arpia, A.A., Chen, W.H., Lam, S.S., Rousset, P., De Luna, M.D.G. Sustainable biofuel and bioenergy production from biomass waste residues using microwave-assisted heating: A comprehensive review. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2021, 403, 126233.
[5] Boyle, A.D., Leggat, G., Morikawa, L., Pappas, Y., Stephens, J.C. Green New Deal proposals: Comparing emerging transformational climate policies at multiple scales. Energy Research & Social Science, 2021, 81, 102259.
[6] Bukchin, S., Kerret, D. Once you choose hope: early adoption of green technology. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2020, 27(3), 3271-3280.
[7]. Cen, P., Bian, X., Wu, W., Li, B. A sustainable green technology for separation and simultaneous recovery of rare earth elements and fluorine in bastnaesite concentrates. Separation and Purification Technology, 2021, 274, 118380.
[8] Dong, F., Zhu, J., Li, Y., Chen, Y., Gao, Y., Hu, M., Sun, J. How green technology innovation affects carbon emission efficiency: evidence from developed countries proposing carbon neutrality targets. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2022, 29(24), 35780-35799.
[10] Feng, Z., Simeone, A., Odelius, K., Hakkarainen, M. Biobased nanographene oxide creates stronger chitosan hydrogels with improved adsorption capacity for trace pharmaceuticals. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2017, 5(12), 11525-11535.
[11] Fonseca-García, A., Jiménez-Regalado, E.J., Aguirre-Loredo, R.Y. Preparation of a novel biodegradable packaging film based on corn starch-chitosan and poloxamers. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2021, 251, 117009.
[12] Fu, B., Liu, Y., Li, Y., Wang, C., Li, C., Jiang, W., Zhao, W. The research priorities of Resources and Environmental Sciences. Geography and Sustainability, 2021, 2(2), 87-94.
[13] Hou, Y., Wang, Q. A bibliometric study about energy, environment, and climate change. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021, 28(26), 34187-34199.
[14] Jibhakate, R.A., Nirwan, N.W., Rambhad, K.S. Enhancing the effectiveness of green technology in manufacturing industry. Materials Today: Proceedings, 2021, 47, 4298-4305.
[15] Jin, C., Nai, J., Sheng, O., Yuan, H., Zhang, W., Tao, X., Lou, X.W.D. Biomass-based materials for green lithium secondary batteries. Energy & Environmental Science, 2021, 14(3), 1326-1379.
[16] Kansara, K., Bolan, S., Radhakrishnan, D., Palanisami, T., Al-Muhtaseb, A.A.H., Bolan, N., Karakoti, A. A critical review on the role of abiotic factors on the transformation, environmental identity and toxicity of engineered nanomaterials in aquatic environment. Environmental pollution, 2022, 296, 118726.
[17] Kobayashi, T., Nakajima, L. Sustainable development goals for advanced materials provided by industrial wastes and biomass sources. Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 2021, 28, 100439.
[18] Kou, X., Zhao, Q., Xu, W., Xiao, Z., Niu, Y., Wang, K. Biodegradable materials as nanocarriers for drugs and nutrients. Journal of Renewable Materials, 2021, 9(7), 1189-1211.
[19]. Kumar, A., Sharma, G., Naushad, M., Al-Muhtaseb, A.A.H., García-Peñas, A., Mola, G.T., Stadler, F.J. Bio-inspired and biomaterials-based hybrid photocatalysts for environmental detoxification: A review. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020, 382, 122937.
[20] Moglia, M., Frantzeskaki, N., Newton, P., Pineda-Pinto, M., Witheridge, J., Cook, S., Glackin, S. Accelerating a green recovery of cities: Lessons from a scoping review and a proposal for mission-oriented recovery towards post-pandemic urban resilience. Developments in the Built Environment, 2021, 7, 100052.
[21] Nazir, N. Development of green technology from the past to the future development: a systematic literature review paper. Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis Journal, 2021, 2(1), 25-37.
[22] Ok, Y.S., Chang, S.X., Gao, B., Chung, H.J. SMART biochar technology—a shifting paradigm towards advanced materials and healthcare research. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 2015, 4, 206-209.
[23] Pawłowska, A., Stepczyńska, M. Natural biocidal compounds of plant origin as biodegradable materials modifiers. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 2022, 30(5), 1683-1708.
[24] Rizvi, A., Ahmed, B., Zaidi, A., Khan, M.S. Biosorption of heavy metals by dry biomass of metal tolerant bacterial biosorbents: an efficient metal clean-up strategy. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2020, 192(12), 801.
[25]. Shen, N., Peng, H., Wang, Q. Spatial dependence, agglomeration externalities and the convergence of carbon productivity. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 2021, 78, 101060.
[26] Singh, A.R., Singh, S.K., Jain, S. A review on bioenergy and biofuel production. Materials Today: Proceedings, 2022, 49, 510-516.
[27] Tabelin, C.B., Dallas, J., Casanova, S., Pelech, T., Bournival, G., Saydam, S., Canbulat, I. Towards a low-carbon society: A review of lithium resource availability, challenges and innovations in mining, extraction and recycling, and future perspectives. Minerals Engineering, 2021, 163, 106743.
[28]. Testa, F., Gaia, P., Iovino, R., Guia, B., Tessitore, S., Fabio, I. Drivers to green consumption: A systematic review. Environment, development and sustainability, 2021, 23(4), 4826-4880.
[29]. Trapp, C.T., Kanbach, D.K. Green entrepreneurship and business models: Deriving green technology business model archetypes. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 297, 126694.
[30] Varma, R.S. Biomass-derived renewable carbonaceous materials for sustainable chemical and environmental applications. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2019, 7(7), 6458-6470.
[31] Vazquez-Nunez, E., Avecilla-Ramirez, A.M., Vergara-Porras, B., López-Cuellar, M.D.R. Green composites and their contribution toward sustainability: A review. Polymers and Polymer Composites, 2021, 29(9), S1588-S1608.
[32] Wang, C., Zou, Z., Geng, S. Green technology investment in a decentralized supply chain under demand uncertainty. Sustainability, 2021, 13(7), 3752.
[33] Yan, X., Zhang, Y., Pei, L.L. The impact of risk-taking level on green technology innovation: Evidence from energy-intensive listed companies in China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 281, 124685.
[34] Yap, J.K., Sankaran, R., Chew, K.W., Halimatul Munawaroh, H.S., Ho, S.-H., Rajesh Banu, J., Show, P.L. A review manuscript submitted to Chemosphere Advancement of Green Technologies: a comprehensive review on the potential application of microalgae biomass. Chemosphere, 2021, 281, 130886.
[35] Yigitcanlar, T., Mehmood, R., Corchado, J.M. Green artificial intelligence: Towards an efficient, sustainable and equitable technology for smart cities and futures. Sustainability, 2021, 13(16), 8952.
[36] Zhu, C., Leung, V.C., Shu, L., Ngai, E.C.H. Green internet of things for smart world. IEEE Access, 2015, 3, 2151-2162.
[37] Rani, G.M., Pathania, D., Umapathi, R., Rustagi, S., Huh, Y.S., Gupta, V.K., Chaudhary, V. Agro-waste to sustainable energy: A green strategy of converting agricultural waste to nano-enabled energy applications. Science of the Total Environment, 2023, 875, 162667.
[38] Babu, S., Rathore, S.S., Singh, R., Kumar, S., Singh, V.K., Yadav, S., Shekhawat, K. Exploring agricultural waste biomass for energy, food and feed production and pollution mitigation: A review. Bioresource Technology, 2022, 360, 127566.
[39] Ogorure, O., Oko, C., Diemuodeke, E., Owebor, K. Energy, exergy, environmental and economic analysis of an agricultural waste-to-energy integrated multigeneration thermal power plant. Energy Conversion and Management, 2018, 171, 222-240.
[40] Daza Serna, L., Solarte Toro, J., Serna Loaiza, S., Chacón Perez, Y., Cardona Alzate, C. Agricultural waste management through energy producing biorefineries: The Colombian case. Waste and Biomass valorization, 2016, 7(4), 789-798.
[41] Yousef, S., Tatariants, M., Tichonovas, M., Kliucininkas, L., Lukošiūtė, S.I., Yan, L. Sustainable green technology for recovery of cotton fibers and polyester from textile waste. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 254, 120078.
[42]  Khan, U.U., Munir, S., Shah, Z.A., Khan, A.A. Photo-catalysis: a clear path to cleaner chemistry. Journal of Engineering in Industrial Research, 2026, 7(2), 89–112. 
[43]   Yousefi, R., Mokaramian, S. Diesel’s share of pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions among all energy sources in Iran from 2000 to 2017. Journal of Engineering in Industrial Research, 2026, 7(1), 16–28.
[44]   Johnson, A. Energy crisis and the path to salvation: hydrogen, the driving force of a clean future. Journal of Engineering in Industrial Research, 2025, 6(4), 298–309.
[45]   Yousefi, R., Mokaramiyan, S. Study on the production of greenhouse gases in the industrial and power plant sectors of Iran from 1996 to 2017. Journal of Engineering in Industrial Research, 2025, 6(3), 223–243.
Volume 7, Issue 2
Spring 2026
Pages 113-127

  • Receive Date 08 October 2025
  • Revise Date 31 October 2025
  • Accept Date 14 November 2025